Проектная работа

При изучении темы “Защита окружающей среды” была выполнена проектная работа, которая способствовала созданию прочной языковой базы по теме, развитию коммуникативных умений, расширению кругозора учащихся. В процессе проектирования учащиеся подошли к осознанию важности проблемы, к осознанию своей роли в ее решении.

Участвуют: учащиеся 10 класса, в качестве “экспертов” – учащиеся 11 класса.

Задачи:

• совершенствовать навыки говорения и аудирования по теме “Environment”;

• развивать навыки самостоятельной работы;

• развивать у учащихся внимание, логическое мышление, смысловую догадку;

• учить детей сопереживать, воспитывать чувство ответственности.

Оснащение:

• карточки с пословицами;

• кроссворд;

• задания “экспертов” на отдельных листах;

• яблоко;

• на отдельных листах лозунги: “Keep the air clean and safe”, “Keep the country tigy”, “Don’t litter”,”Let’s keep the Earth green and healthy and full of millions of wonderful creatures!”.

“To have Peace and Harmony
Nature must be living free
Every Creature has its place
That includes the Human race. Cerrone”

Pupil one (P.1): Dear friends, we are glad to see you.

Pupil two (P.2): We have gathered today to talk about our environment, about its problems and we hope to hear some tips about how to solve them.

P.1: As you know the 22-nd of April is a special day around the World. On this day inhabitants of Earth celebrate Earth Day.

P.2: The first Earth Day was held in the USA in April 1970. At that time Americans were just beginning to learn about the problems facing the planet.

P.1: Since then the people of the Earth have been discussing those problems and and as for us we are not the first to do it.

P.2: So we have a group of pupils that will be doing it today. You are welcome.

Защита проекта

Participant 1: About two hundred years ago man lived in greater harmony with his environment. Nature was a source of recreation for man. Man could be happy united with Nature. As Byron says, “There is a pleasure in the pathless woods”

Participant 2: (recites a poem by G.Byron)

From Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage
There is a pleasure in the pathless woods
There is rapture on the lonely shore
There is society, where none intrudes
By the deep Sea, and music in its roar;
I love not Man the less, but Nature more,
From these our interviews, in which I steal
From all I may be, or have seen before,
To mingle with the Universe, and feel
What I can ne’er express, yet cannot all conceal.

Participant 3: The other English poet agreed with him, as he said, only Nature could give man harmony.

The invitation  (P.B.Shelly).

Away, away, from men and towns,
To the wild woods, and the downs -
To the silent wilderness
Where the soul need not repress
Its music, lest it should not find
An echo in another’s mind,
White the touch of Nature’s art
Harmonizes heart to heart.

Participant 4: Today the situation is quite different. People all over the world are worried about what is happening to environment.

Participant 5: It is known that about two hundred years ago the air was pure and clean. It was perfect for animals and people of earth to breathe.

Then people began to build factories. Those factories put a lot of harmful gases into the air. Then people began to drive cars. Driving cars added more pollution to the air. Nowdays the air in many cities is filled with a pollution called “smog”. Polluted air is bad for people and animals, trees and other plants. And in some places it is even damaging farmer’s crops – the food we eat.

Participant 5: You know that when power plants burn coal to make electricity and when cars burn gasoline invisible gases are released into the air. Some of then can mix with water and make it acidic. They can get into rain clouds, where they get mixed in with rain and snow. Then the acid falls back to the earth with rain or snow. This is called acid rain. Acid rain is extremely harmful to plants, rivers and lakes and the creatures than live in them. In some places it is killing forests. It also pollutes water that animals and people need to drink.

Participant 6: It’s common knowledge that many animals are disappearing. It’s because there are more and more people living on Earth. They need room to live. They cut down forests, and wild areas are filled with houses. The plants and animals that live there can become endangered - which means that because there’s no place for them to live, they begin to disappear. Some even become extinct which means that they all die out and are gone from the Earth forever.

Participant 7: One of the environmental problems is that we are making much garbage. When we throw something away it goes in a garbage can. Then all garbage is taken to a garbage dump or landfill. Most of our garbage is just buried. But now there is not enough room to bury it all.

Participant 8: As it is known there is a layer of gas called ozone above the air we breathe. It blocks some rays from the sun that can harm our skin. We are lucky to have the ozone to protect us. But now the ozone layer is being damaged by gases that people have made. These gases are used in refrigerators, fire extinguishers, air conditioners, plastic foam and some other things.

Participant 9: The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of invisible gases (with names like carbon dioxide) that act just like a greenhouse. The sun shines in, and the blanket of gases traps the heat like a roof, keeping it close to the planet. That’s good – we can’t live without warmth.

But now factories, electric power plants and cars are making a lot of new gases. Even trees, when they are cut down, give off the gases. These new gases are trapping more and more of the sun’s heat. This is called the greenhouse effect or global warming. If the earth’s temperature gets hotter by just a few degrees, it could change the weather all over the planet in big ways. Places that are warm would become too hot to live in, and places that are cold would become warm. The places that grow most of our food could get too hot to grow crops any more.

Participant 10: All life on Earth – from the littlest bug to the biggest whale – depends on water. It’s precious. But in many places rivers and lakes are polluted by garbage or by poisonous chemicals which are dumped right into them.

Participant 1: Speaking of our country we say that we are suffering many environmental problems. Many of these problems have been caused by economic activities. Apart from the effect of the Chernobyl disaster, the worst problem is probably in the area around the Aral Sea. Cotton growing in the region has used huge quanties of water, and the sea’s level has fallen by 14 yards.

This destroyed fishing industry and led to a damage in soils, crops and wildlife. Many forests in the north of European Russia and the Far East are under threat.

A system of dams on the Volga has caused damage to fish and it is danger to life and the people, living on both banks of the river.

Participant 2: As for our republic I can say that the ecological situation in the republic is getting worse.

The air is polluted, the forests are damaging because of the Cheboksarsky dam, industry wastes get into our lakes and rivers, they are killing the fish and all the living creatures in then.

Some kinds of fish in the river Volga such as perches are dying out. The river Turgen that flows through our town is bringing much rubbish into the Volga. It happens because it has unformally become a landfill.

Participant 3: (на столе яблоко на блюде, нож) Imagine that the apple is our Earth. I shall cut the apple into quarters. three quarters of the Earth’s surface is water and only one quarter is land.

And now I am going to cut the piece representing land in half. Only one - half the land is habitable. The rest of the land is the deserts, mountains, frozen ice caps and other places people cannot live. I shall take the piece that represents the habitable land, and I am going to cut it into 4 sections. Only one fourth of the Earth’s habitable land or one - thirty - second is where all the Earth’s food come from.

Imagine what would happen if this part of the world were damaged or destroyed (съесть этот кусочек и сказать): So people could stay without any food.

Затем мальчики поют под гитару песню “Imagine”:

Imagine there’s no heaven,
It’s easy if you try,
No hell below us,
Above us only sky
Imagine all the people,
Living for today, a-ha.
Imagine there’s no countries,
It isn’t hard to do,
Nothing to kill or die for,
And no religion too,
Imagine all the people,
Living life in peace, yu-huh.
You may say I’m a dreamer,
But I’m not the only one
I hope some day you’ll join us
And the world will be one.
Imagine no possessions
I wonder if you can,
No need for greed and hunger,
A brotherhood of man,
Imagine all the people
Sharing all the world, yu-huh.
You may say, i’m a dreamer,
But I’m not the only one
I hope some day you’ll join us
And the world will live as one.

Participant 4: Actually our environment is polluted. There is too much garbage that we throw away and we don’t sometimes worry about where they go. We must protect our environment, our Earth, and we can do it.

Where there is a will, there is way.
The question is what we must do first of all.

Participant 5: Our actions may be simple, but they are very useful: We must save energy.

We must make sure our lights are turned off when we are not at home.

Participant 6: We must reuse bags, containers, paper, boxes and other items.

Participant 7: We must select products with the least wasteful packaging. We must make sure our water faucets are turned off when we are not using them.

Participant 8: We must plant a tree to create homes for birds, squirrels, and other small animals.

We must be a friend to fish. We mustn’t throw rubbish into their homes.

Participant 9: We mustn’t break plants and baby trees.

Participant 10: As for our school, we mustn’t forget that it is our home. We must keep it tidy, we mustn’t litter. We mustn’t draw on the desks and walls of our school. More than that the pupils of our school try to help to keep our environment clean. There is a club for young ecologists in our school. The members of the club take care of our rivers, lakes, springs.

In spring and in summer they make them clean, burn rubbish near them, plant trees and flowers, do some research work. The club of our school took part in the ecological Olympiad of 1998, that took place near Moscow and they won the third prize there.

Participant 1: So we have listened to our friends. And now our experts will have some tests for you.

Expert 1: Attention, please. First look at these columns. You are to match the words in Column A with the words or phrases in Column B, that best describes them. You are to do it by turns.

Expert 2: Good of you. And now the next test for you. You can react to the following statements with “True” or “False”. Do it by turns (у групп имеются карточки с буквами “Т” и “F”).

1. Many cities in Russia have dirty air.

2. Most of the states in America don’t have laws against air pollution.

3. Scientists are looking for ways to make factories and cars run cleaner.

4. Sulfates come out of coal-burning factories only in America.

5. Nobody cares of acid rain.

6. All the lakes and rivers in America and Britain are polluted.

7. Energy is renewable.

8. Pesticides can often be found in food.

9. Cars in Britain don’t cause air pollution.

10. In 1993 each person in the US threw away 45 pounds of trash a day.

11. Everyone should throw away less trash.

Expert 3: Well done. So my task is to puzzle you. Here are some animals you’ll find in the Zoo at Central Park of New York. Match the animals with the descriptions and then find them in the puzzle.

Use these directions.

(Нужны изображения орла, жирафа, слона, обезьяны, зебры, медведя, тигра, крокодила, черепахи, змеи, свиньи):

• It’s very long. It doesn’t have any legs. It eats small animals. It can be very dangerous.
• It has a very long neck and four long legs.
• It is very big. It is gray. It has a very long nose.
• It has big ears. It has fingers and toes. It likes to swing from trees.
• It looks like a horse with black and white stripes.
• It is a very big cat.
• It can swim in the water and walk on land. It has a very big mouth and big teeth.
• It likes honey and fish.
• It can swim in the water and walk on land. It wears a shell.
• It’s pink and likes to roll in the mud.
• It can fly. It has long wings. It is the American national symbol.

S F G N M B F O R K E B T R
W A D F C R O C O D I L E P
D E Y S U K H B V N F R G S
F G H I L P N C Y D R S X M
R I H L D I T J L A Z E A O
L R R T I G E R W I T B C N
R A U I K M S Q P L N Z W K
M F K F I S W U D E A G L E
R F O I J K G F A Z H V N Y
B E A R F D C Z V I P O E P
J N O H P G L E H U E V K X
R T C X T U O B L J L F A O
V C X Z A T U R T L E L N O
R E W Q Z X C A V B N P S W

Expert 4: You’ve said that all the garbage is taken to a landfill. Do you know for example how long litter lasts.

Listen to the following questions and the variants of answers. Choose the correct answer.

1. How long does a traffic ticket decomposite in a landfill?

It decomposites

• 2-4 weeks

• 3 months

• a year

2. a banana peel

• 2 months

• 6 months

• 15 days

3.a wool sock

• 6 months

• a year

• 5 years

4.a modern stake

• a year

• 4 years

• 13 years

5. a painted wooden stake

• a year

• 5 years

• 13 years

6. do tin cans

• 50 years

• 100 years

• 25 years

7. aluminum cans

• 500 years

• never

• 75 years

8. plastic containers

• up to 500 years

• up to 100 years

• up to 200 years

9.glass bottles

• 100 years

• up to 500 years

• never

Expert 5: You have done all the tests well. Let’s see if you know the flora. Look at the leaves and match the pictures with the tree names given on the right.

Expert 6: As for me I’d like to ask you several questions:

1. How long does a butterfly live?

2. How long does a bee live?

3. How long does it take a blue berry bush to grow to give berries?

4. Ecology is one of the global problems of the 21-st century. What should you do?

5. What noble work do the people of the “greenpeace” do?

6. What is older: nature or mankind?

7. An English poet, Francis Thomson, said: “One couldn’t pluck a flower without troubling a star”. Do you agree with him?

8. Why must technology bring apology to ecology?

Expert 7: Let’s divide into two groups. I’m going to give you some cards with proverbs. The first “player” reads a proverb from his card. This card can be “beaten” by the card with the proverb having the same meaning.

The winner is the group which gets rid of the cards ahead of the other.

(Эксперт раздает карточки с пословицами, названные пословицы забирает)

1. There is no smoke without fire. –
There is a rumor in the wind.

2. Words are but wind. –
Words pay no debts.

3. Don’t burn your bridges behind you. –
Don’t throw out your dirty water before you get in fresh.

4. Better an egg today than a hen tomorrow. –
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.

5. Every cloud has a silver lining. –
It’s an evil wind that blows nobody good.

6. Life is not all cakes and ale. –
Life is not a bed of roses.

7. Take the bull by the horn. –
Grasp the nettle and it won’t sting you.

P.1: To sum up what you have said and what we have seen and heard. I have all grounds to say that you have enough knowledge to take proper care of nature, of our Earth.

Участники поют песню “Kids for saving Earth promise song”:

The Earth is my home
I promise to keep it healthy and beautiful
I will love the land, the air, the water and
all living creatures.
I will be a defender of my planet,
united with friends.
I will save the Earth.
United with friends, I promise to keep it
united with friends.
I will love the land United with friends.
I’ll be a defender
I will save the Earth
I will save the Earth.

Апаласова Надежда Михайловна, Учитель

лицей № 4, г. Козьмодемьянск